Hey there!
in my view, it really depends how the organization is set up. A sociocratic organization can write its own rules of how to remove people. Yet, there are two (in your case even 3) levels to it:
- Removing someone from a circle is described here
- Removing someone from the entire organization. That can follow similar rules but needs to spelled out as such.
- Banning someone from being in a space/receiving services. Again, the organization needs to describe its own rules around that.
All 3 levels are essential for any organization; without it, successful organizing is hard to impossible - as you’re saying.